Glossary by alpha

Search glossary

Mikami (三上)

The Japanese priest to whom the former Jesuit missionary Torabas gives his statue of the Maria Kwannon.

Mikawa-no-kuni (三河国)

And ancient province of Japan located on Honshuu which forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture today. Mikawa bordered on the provinces of Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Totomi.

Mikawa was the original domain of Tokugawa Ieyasu before he gained control of the Kantou.

mikkyou (密教)

An abbreviated name for "himitsu Bukkyou", or "secret Buddhist teachings", mikkyou are exceedingly mystic and symbolic doctrines transferred from master to disciple within sects, generally used by schools of Esoteric Buddhism.

Mikkyou came into existence in India during the rise of Hinduism and the oppression of Buddhism. In the early stages of mikkyou, Buddhism slowly absorbed mystical/magical components, and each Buddha was given a mudra and dharani.

Mikumo Sadamochi (三雲定持)
1570

As a vassal of the Rokkaku Clan, Sadamochi fought against Oda in the siege of 1570 and died in battle. Afterwards the remnants of Mikumo and other powerful local clans left Rokkaku and submitted to Oda.

Mikuni-touge (三国峠)

Lit.: Three-Province Mountain Pass

During the Sengoku Era, Mikuni Pass was one part of the three-province highway that was the shortest path between Echigo and Edo, but snow drifts and avalanches in winter and landslides in summer made it a difficult crossing. Uesugi Kenshin maintained it during his time as Kantou Kanrei in order to maintain his foothold in the Kantou.

It is now a major artery in the Japanese highway system, designated Highway 17 (Mikuni Tunnel).

Mikuriya Juri (御廚樹里)

A junior at Old Castle High School in class 2-A who is president of the student council and holds an iron grip over the school. She appears to have the principal's support and even has the power to fire teachers.

Mimasaka-no-kuni (美作国)

An ancient province of Japan on the island of Honshuu which is now the northeastern part of Okayama Prefecture.

Mimase-touge no Tatakai (三増峠の戦い)
Oct. 8, 1569

The Battle of Mimase Pass took place on Oct. 8, 1569 between the armies of the Houjou Clan, led by Houjou Ujiteru and Houjou Ujikuni, and the Takeda Clan, led by Takeda Shingen, after the Kai-Sagami-Suruga alliance fell apart in 1568 upon Takeda's invasion of Suruga.

On Oct. 1, 1569, Takeda Shingen besieged Houjou Ujiyasu's Odawara Castle with 20,000 troops, but like Uesugi Kenshin before him, failed to penetrate the Houjou Clan's main fortress' defenses and retreated four days later on Oct. 5 after setting fire to the land near the castle. Houjou Ujiteru and Houjou Ujikuni set up an ambush with an army of 12,000-20,000 (estimates differ) at the strategic Mimase Pass for the Takeda army as it retreated back towards Kai. Houjou Ujimasa brought up their main army of 20,000 in a pincer movement.

Takeda Shingen led the Takeda army along with his generals Takeda Katsuyori, Takeda Nobukado, Yamagata Masakage, Naitou Masatoyo, Baba Nobuharu, Asari Nobutane, and Obata Norishige.

Houjou Ujiteru and Houjou Ujikuni led the Houjou army along with their generals Houjou Ujitada, Takajou Kurando (?), Hara Tanehide, and Ueda Tomonao.

Ujiteru and Ujikuni apparently sprung the ambush before Ujimasa arrived. Shingen, who had sensed the attack, split his army into three parts: one met the Houjou head-on, while the other two hid in the mountain and attacked from the side. The two armies met in full-blown battle on Oct. 8. The Houjou held the advantage at the start. However, a detached force led by Yamagata Masakage struck in a surprise attack from the higher ground of Shida Pass about a kilometer to the south-west, managing to turn the tide of the battle. The Takeda army also employed arquebuses in the narrow mountain pass to their great advantage, and the Houjou army suffered heavy losses. Though the fighting was close at the beginning of the battle, by the end it was clearly a Takeda victory.

Ujimasa halted his army upon hearing of the Houjou defeat, so the pincer attack (which may yet have won the day for the Houjou) never came to pass. Takeda then pushed forward into Sagami, there to raise his victory shout, before retreating.

Because Uesugi Kenshin had not sent aid during the seige and battle, the Houjou Clan began to view him with distrust, and Houjou Ujiyasu wrote a letter to him expressing his discontent. This battle would become the underlying cause for the Houjou's severing of their alliance with the Uesugi Clan and reformation of their alliance with the Takeda Clan.

Minamoto no Yoritomo (源頼朝)
May 9, 1147 - February 9, 1199

Minamoto no Yoritomo was a warlord of the late Heian and early Kamakura Periods, born as third son of Minamoto no Yoshitomo, heir of the Minamoto (Seiwa Genji) clan. He founded and became the first shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate. He ruled from 1192 until 1199.

Minamoto no Yoriyoshi (源 頼義)
988 - 1075-08-27

Title: Chinjufu-shogun (Commander-in-chief of the Defense of the North)

A general of the Heian Period who was head of the Minamoto Clan and, along with his son Minamoto no Yoshiie, led the Imperial forces against rebellion in the north in the Zenkunen (Early Nine Years War) and Gosannen (Later Three Years War) wars. Both conflicts were a struggle for power within the samurai clans, and fought in Mutsu Province in northern Honshuu.

The Zenkunen was fought against the powerful Abe Clan, a member of whom, Abe no Yoritoki, was military general of Mutsu in charge of controlling the Emishi and Ainu natives and who clashed with the Court-appointed Governor.

The Gosannen was fought against the Kiyohara Clan and arose from a long series of quarrels.

Minamoto no Yoshitsune (源 義経)
1159 - 1189-06-15

Also known as: Ushiwakamaru

Minamoto no Yoshitsune was a warlord of the late Heian and early Kamakura Periods, born as ninth son of Minamoto no Yoshitomo, heir of the Minamoto (Seiwa Genji) clan. Yoshitsune's older brother Minamoto no Yoritomo founded the Kamakura shogunate. Yoshitsune famously led the expedition which toppled the Ise-Heishi, principal branch of the powerful Taira clan, during the Genpei War. He became one of the greatest and popular warriors of his era, and one of the most famous samurai in the history of Japan.

Minato-ku (港区)

One of Tokyo's twenty-three special wards (self-governing, special municipalities existing only in Tokyo) located in central Tokyo, southwest of the Imperial Palace. It contains some of Tokyo's most popular entertainment and nightlife districts, as well as upscale residential and commercial areas. Tokyo Tower is located in this ward.

Minato contains the most corporate headquarters of any area in Japan, and could be said to be its business center. It also contains many embassies and offices of foreign corporation, so foreign residents make up about 1 percent of its population.

Mino-no-kuni (美濃国)

An ancient province of Japan on the island of Honshuu which is the southern part of Gifu Prefecture today. Mino bordered on the provinces of Echizen, Hida, Ise, Mikawa, Omi, Owari, and Shinano.

Minorikawa Norio (御法川 法男)
1944

Also known as: Mino Monta (みのもんた)

A Japanese television presenter who is host for the show Mino Monta no Asa Zuba! (みのもんたの朝ズバッ!), Japanese version of the quiz show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, as well as his own afternoon TV program, Omoikkiri TV ("Full Throttle TV").

Mito Koumon (水戸黄門)

Mito Koumon is the longest-running and most famous historical drama series in Japan with over 1000 episodes, which began broadcasting on Aug. 4, 1969, and continues today. Its main character is based on Tokugawa Mitsukuni, the retired (goinkyo) daimyo of Mito, who is one of Tokugawa Ieyasu's grandsons. In the drama he wanders around Ibaraki disguised as Mitsuemon, a retired crêpe merchant from Echigo, with two samurai retainers, Sasaki Sukesaburou (Suke-san) and Atsumi Kakunoshin (Kaku-san), helping the oppressed.

Other regular characters include the food-loving commoner Hachibei, reformed thieves Kazaguruma no Yashichi and his wife Kasumi no Oshin, and ninjas Tsuge no Tobizaru and Kagerou Ogin of the Iga School.

Mito-shi (水戸市)

The capital of Ibaraki Prefecture which was won by Tokugawa Ieyasu in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1603. The Tokugawa Clan directly controlled Mito until the overthrow of the shogunate in the mid-1800's.

Mitsui (三井)

Leader of the largest gang in the Matsumoto area where Takaya lives in junior high. He's four years older than Takaya and dropped out of senior high in his first year. He is a fringe member of a mafia group called the Seiyuu Group and carries their silver badge. He appears to be an errand boy for them as well as a distributor of amphetamines. He claims to command hundreds, both in and out of prison. Takaya hangs out around his garage when he has nowhere to go, where Mitsui gathers his gang nightly and throws parties with booze and girls. He carries a cut from Takaya's knife above one eyebrow, which he received from breaking up a fight between Takaya and one of his gang members on their first meeting.

Miura Yoshioki (三浦義意)
1496 - 1516-08-09

Nickname: Arajirou (荒次郎)

Eldest son of Miura Yoshiatsu and last head of the Sagami Miura Clan. His father gave him Arai Castle (also known as Misaki Castle) in Sagami and handed the position of clan head to him in 1510. He was known as the 'brave warrior with the strength of 85' and fought against Houjou Souun, but he lost Okazaki Castle and Sumiyoshi Castle, and went to ground in the Miura Peninsula. He and his father held Arai Castle in a three-year siege, but the castle fell at last, and he witnessed Yoshiatsu's seppuku.

Yoshioki then charged out into the midst of his enemies and was killed, thus ending the Miura line. With his death the Houjou Clan achieved subjugation of Sagami.

Note: English sites seem to universally give Miura Yoshioki's name as Miura Yoshimoto, which the Japanese Wikipedia lists as a possible reading. It officially gives the reading as "Yoshioki", which is also used by Mirage.

Miura-hantou (三浦半島)

Miura Peninsula is a peninsula located in Kanagawa Prefecture south of Yokohama and Tokyo. It lies between Tokyo Bay to the east and Sagami Bay to the west.

Miyagawa Daisuke Hanako (宮川大助花子)

A comedy duo formed of a husband-and-wife team, Miyagawa Daisuke and Miyagawa Hanako, which was formed in 1979. They celebrated their 30th wedding anniversary in 2006.

Miyagi-gun (宮城郡)

In ancient Japan, a county which belonged to the provinces of Mutsu and Rikuzen, which is now a county of Miyagi Prefecture. In 1601, Date Masamune built a castle in Sendai within Miyagi County and made it his stronghold.

Miyagi-ken (宮城県)

Formerly part of the province of Mutsu ruled by Date Masamune, its capital city is Sendai, where Masamune built his castle, which is now the largest city of the Northeast. Miyagi Prefecture was originally named Sendai Prefecture.

Miyamoto Musashi (宮本武蔵)
1584 - 1645

Also known as: Takezou Shinmen, Bennosuke Miyamoto, Niten Douraku

One of the most famous samurai in Japanese history, who became legendary for his swordsmanship. He fought and won over 60 duels, one of which was with the prominent swordsman Kojirou Sasaki at the age of 28. Kojirou was Musashi's long-time rival and considered his most challenging opponent. A duel was arranged between them for April 13, 1612, to which Musashi arrived more than three hours late in order to psychologically unbalance his opponent. When he finally showed up, Kojirou famously said, "I've been waiting for you, Musashi!" Musashi won the duel with an oversized wooden sword.

Miyoshi Nagayoshi (三好長慶)
1522 - 1564

Also called: Miyoshi Choukei
Title: Chikuzen no Kami

Historically: A warlord from Awa in Shikoku who destroyed the Hosokawa and Hatakeyama families by valor and treachery, thus establishing his dominance over Awa, Sanuki, Awaji, Yamashiro, Yamato, Kawachi, Settsu, and Izumi.

The Miyoshi family grew greatly in power during Nagayoshi's time as head of the clan and held the Ashikaga Shogunate under its thumb. In 1564, he had his younger brother Atagi Fuyuyasu killed due to slander from his vassal Matsunaga Hisahide and died of illness soon after (there are also theories that he was murdered by either Hisahide or the Miyoshi Triumvirate he appointed as guardians for his son). His son Miyoshi Yoshitsugu succeeded him as head of the clan after his death.

Miyoshi Triumvirate (三好三人衆)

A group of advisors, Miyoshi Nagayuki, Miyoshi Masayasu, and Iwanari Tomomichi, whom Miyoshi Nagayoshi appointed as guardians to his son and heir Miyoshi Yoshitsugu.

Their power was considerably weakened after they failed to resist Oda Nobunaga's march on Kyoto in 1566. Iwanari Tomomichi died in battle, and the other two disappeared from history as the power of the Miyoshi Clan declined.

Miyuki no Hama (御幸ノ浜)

Miyuki Beach is located in Odawara City opposite Odawara Castle, a part of Sagami Bay.

Mizuno (水野)

One of Takaya and Yuzuru's classmates at Jouhoku High School. He organizes their graduation party.

Mizuno Tadanao (水野忠直)
1652 - 1713
Mizuya-jinja (水屋神社)

Mizuya (Water-room) Shrine is a small shrine which sits between the main shrine of Sengen Grand Shrine and Wakutama Pond where a visitor can draw Mt. Fuji’s holy water.

Mogami Iechika (最上家親)
1582 - 1617

Also known as: 太郎四郎, Mogami Yoshichika (最上義親)

Second son of Mogami Yoshiaki who served Tokugawa Ieyasu from the age of 12. He was originally named Mogami Yoshichika, but was given the name Iechika by Ieyasu. In 1595 he became the vassal of Ieyasu's son, Tokugawa Hidetada.

His elder brother, Mogami Yoshiyasu was killed by their father, so Iechika became the 12th head of the Mogami Clan in 1614 as well as the second-generation lord of Yamagata-han.

He died suddenly at Yamagata-jou at the age of 36. His eldest son Mogami Yoshitoshi succeeded him, but internal strife had already begun within the Mogami Clan before his death, and by judgement of the Shogunate the Mogami Clan's land and status were forfeited.

Mogami Yoshiaki (最上義光)
1544 - 1614

A daimyo of Yamagata-han in the province of Dewa who fought for both Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu. He fought Uesugi Kagekatsu as well as in the battle of Sekigahara in 1600 for Tokugawa alongside Date Masamune. His domain was expanded to 520,000 koku for his loyal service.

His son Mogami Iechika succeeded him upon his death of illness.

Mogami Yoshimori (最上義守)
1521 - 1590

A daimyo of Dewa who became the head of the Mogami Clan at the age of three. The Mogami Clan at this time was a puppet of the Date Clan, but due to internal strife in the Date Clan around 1542, the Mogami Clan was able to break free.

In his latter years, Yoshimori doted on his second son and alienated his heir, Mogami Yoshiaki. Mogami Yoshiaki planned to stage a coup d'etat, but Date Terumune interfered. The vassals of the Mogami intervened to force Yoshimori to hand his position over to Yoshiaki and retire.

Mogami Yoshiyasu (最上義康)
1575 - 1611

Mogami Yoshiyasu was the eldest son and heir of Mogami Yoshiaki, but the two were not on good terms. In 1611, while en route from house arrest to Mount Kouya, he was attacked and badly wounded. He killed himself, crying "Damn you, cruel Father!"

Moniwa Sagetsu (茂庭左月)

A vassal of Date Masamune who was killed at the age of 73 in the Battle of Hitotoribashi leading a troop of 60 calvary against the combined armies of Ashina and Satake to save Masamune's life. His grave was erected at that battlefield.

Mononofu no yoroi no sode o katashikite makura ni chikaki hatsukari no koe (もののふの鎧の袖を肩しきて枕に近き初雁の声)

A stone tablet at Uozu Oomachi Private Elementary School bears this inscription, which was a tanka poem composed by Uesugi Kenshin at Uozu Castle.

Since the poem was originally spoken, there are several written versions:

もののふの鎧の袖を肩しきて 枕に近き初雁の声

武士のよろいの袖をかたしきて 枕に近きはつかりの声

武士の鎧の 袖をかたしきて 枕に近き 初かりの声

武士の鎧の袖を片敷きて枕にちかき初雁の声

One possible interpretation is

"The warrior makes
Of his armor a pillow
For his head alone:
A solitary repose.
The first wild geese cry nearby."

"A pillow for his head alone" refers to the practice of lovers rolling their garments together to make a pillow for two. The "first wild geese" is oft-used imagery implying the approach of autumn and winter, the months these birds fly south from the Siberian regions to spend in Japan. Of course, they may in turn imply the autumn and winter of a person's life...

The first version of the poem, which is rather rare and the one used by Kuwabara-sensei in Mirage, implies more of a "carrying" or "shouldering" than a lying down; it may perhaps be interpreted as "The warrior shoulders his armor, though the first wild geese cry near his pillow."

Morgif (モルギフ)

The demon sword Morgif is the ultimate weapon of the Mazoku and can only be wielded by the Maou. He was last used by His Majesty Basilio von Rochefort, almost a thousand years ago, before being lost. He was rediscovered on Van der Veer Island in the human kingdom of Cimarron. Legend has it that once invoked, the sword is capable of burning the world to ashes, though in reality a small town seems to be the limit. Legend also claims that after swallowing a human's life force, he can smash a boulder to pieces, reverse the flow of a river, burn a person to a crisp, and make a cow dance in the air.

Morgif is able to communicate telepathically with the Maou though written words that look like the afterimage of fireworks in the Maou's mind. Morgif's full name is Willem Dussollier Eli de Morgif (ウィレムデュソイエイーライドモルギフ).

Mori Nagayoshi (森長可)
1558 - 1584

Born as the second son of Mori Yoshinari, Nagayoshi became head of the Mori clan upon the deaths of both his father and older brother in battle in 1570. He served Oda Nobunaga and participated in the attack and annihilation of the Takeda clan in 1582, capturing Iida Castle and Takatoo Castle in hard-fought battles. He was awarded a 20,000-koku fief of 4 districts of Kawanakajima in Shinano as well as Uozu Castle.

In June of that year, the situation in Shinano became unstable upon Nobunaga's death, and Nagayoshi fled back to his former stronghold, Kaneyama Castle in Mino. He died fighting against Tokugawa's forces in 1584 (it was said that he died instantly from a rifle bullet between the eyes). His younger brother Mori Tadamasa became the next clan head.

Mori Ranmaru (森蘭丸)
1565 - 1582

Also called: Mori Nagasada (森長定), possibly Shigetoshi (成利), Nagayasu (長康)

Historically: A vassal of Oda Nobunaga who served as his attendant from
an early age. His father, Mori Yoshinari, was also a vassal of Oda Nobunaga. Favored by Nobunaga for his talent and loyalty, he also followed the tradition of shudo with his liege-lord. He and his three younger brothers died with Nobunaga at the Honnou-ji on June 21, 1582.

Mori Yoshinari (森可成)
1523 - 1570

Mori Yoshinari started out as a vassal of the Saitou Clan before going to Oda Nobunaga around 1555. He was killed fighting against the Asai and Asakura clans. His sons, Mori Ranmaru and Mori Nagayoshi, also served Nobunaga.

Morino Saori (森野紗織)

Blood type: O

A girl in the same class as Narita Yuzuru and Ougi Takaya at Jouhoku High who has a crush on Yuzuru. She is described as having a round, child-like face and a loud, piercing voice. She seems full of energy most of the time, and unlike many of the other girls, is not intimidated by Takaya. She is a member of the Tennis Club at their high school.

Moto-Hachiouji-machi (元八王子町)

A district of Hachiouji City, located slightly to the west of the center of the city.

Motomiya-jou (本宮城)

A castle located in Fukushima Prefecture which was built in the early Sengoku Period which Date Masamune regarded highly and used many times as headquarters for his troops.

Its remains are now part of Motomiya Elementary School and the surrounding agricultural land.

Mount Kunou (久能山)

Mt. Kunou is a steep mountain 216 meters high (709 feet) high located on Suruga Bay, Shizuoka Prefecture. In the Asuka Period Kunou Tadahito of the Fujiwara Clan began building a temple near present-day Kunou-zan Toushou-guu which the monk Gyouki named Kunou Temple in the later Nara Period.

In 1570 Takeda Shingen built Kunou Castle there, moving the temple to what is now Shimizu Ward. The Tokugawa Clan took control of Suruga Province after the fall of the Takeda Clan and continued to maintain the fortifications on Mt. Kunou. After Tokugawa Ieyasu's death, his son Tokugawa Hidetaka erected the first Toushou Shrine on Mt. Kunou and buried Ieyasu there. Though Ieyasu's grandson Tokugawa Iemitsu relocated Ieyasu’s grave to the Nikkou Toushou-guu, it is held that a portion of his deified spirit remains on Mt. Kunou.

Mouri Hidehiro (毛利秀広)
? - 1581

A vassal of the Uesugi Clan who supported Uesugi Kagetora at the onset of the Otate no Ran, but defected to Uesugi Kagekatsu's side when promised reward by Yasuda Akimoto. He served a large role in the negotiations with Takeda Katsuyori. However, at the conclusion of the war he was not given the reward he was promised. Learning that the reason was advice from Yamazaki Hidenori, a Confucian scholar close to Kagekatsu, he assaulted and killed Hidenori at Kasugayama Castle as he was engaged in conversation with Naoe Nobutsuna. Naoe was also stabbed to death by Hidehiro. Hidehiro was then cut down by Iwai Nobuyoshi and Tozaka Hiroshige, who happened to be present.

mudra (印)

Literally: "seal"; symbolic gestures usually made with the hands that imparts a specific quality to the user. In Esoteric Buddhism, each deity has his or her own mudra, which is used in conjunction with a mantra to perform a specific spell.

Murakami Kunikiyo (村上国清)
1546 - ?

Also known as: Yamaura Kunikiyo (山浦国清), Yamaura Kagekuni (山浦景国)

Eldest son of Murakami Yoshikiyo, he and his father sought sanctuary with Uesugi Kenshin in 1553 from Takeda Shingen and became his vassals. He later became the head of the Yamaura-Uesugi family and changed his name to Yamaura Kunikiyo. He fought in many of Kenshin's wars, including the Battles of Kawanakajima.

He supported Uesugi Kagekatsu in the Otate no Ran after Kenshin's death. Kagekatsu bestowed the Kage (景) character on him for his merits in the war, whereupon he changed his name to Yamaura Kagekuni.

In 1582 he became the master of Kaidu Castle and recovered his father's old fief. In 1590, he served in the vanguard of the Uesugi army in the attack against Odawara by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He also fought in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, but his circumstances after that are unknown.

Murata Ken (村田健)

An honors student and Yuuri's former classmate in junior high school, he now attends a different senior high school. Yuuri didn't interact with him much when they were classmates, but he saves Murata from bullies. Yuuri nicknames him Glasses-kun.

Murauchi Senzou (村内千造)

An information trader nicknamed 'the devil's ear' who becomes friends with Naoe when he is Kasahara. After his wife dies, he takes Akiko, a former hostess, as his common-law wife. He also knows Sasaki, Irobe Katsunaga's former incarnation.

In the current era, he lives in Tokyo with his son and his son's wife, and meets Naoe again while Naoe is searching for Takaya.

Although retired, he introduces Naoe to his protégé Kuroki.

Muromachi-jidai (室町時代)
1336 - 1573

Also known as: Ashikaga-jidai

The period of Japanese history stretching from approximately 1336 to 1573 when the Muromachi/Ashikaga Shogun ruled Japan. The first part of the era, from 1336 to 1392, were the Nanboku-chou, or Northern and Southern Court Period, while the second part was the Sengoku Period. The era started when Ashikaga Takauji deposed Emperor Go-Daigo, forming the shogun's court in the north and the emperor's new court in the south. Succession rivalry in the Ashikaga family resulted in the Ounin no Ran, leading to the rise to power of local warlords and the chaos of the Sengoku. The era ended when Oda Nobunaga drove the last Ashikaga Shogun, Ashikaga Yoshiaki, out of Kyoto.

Musashi-no-kuni (武蔵国)

Musashi Province, a province of ancient Japan, was comprised of the present-day prefecture of Tokyo as well as parts of Saitama Prefecture and Kanagawa Prefecture. It was the largest province in the Kantou and was formed in the 7th century. It was governed by many, many clans, including the original Houjou Clan for about 100 years starting from the 1210s. The Later Houjou Clan took the territory in the late Sengoku Era after the Battle of Kawagoe Castle in 1546 drove out the Uesugi influence. Tokugawa Ieyasu took control of the Kantou after the fall of the Houjou Clan in 1590.

Pages